How do dysprosody and prosodic planning impairment differ in AOS?

• A. Dysprosody refers to abnormal rhythm and intonation; prosodic planning impairment refers to difficulty organizing stress and prosody due to motor planning limitations.
• B. Dysprosody refers to lexical retrieval difficulty; prosodic planning impairment refers to phoneme articulation issues.
• C. Dysprosody is unrelated to prosody; prosodic planning impairment is the same as motor planning.
• D. Dysprosody is always present; prosodic planning never occurs in AOS.

Answer: (A)

In AOS, prosody has two aspects: how the prosody actually sounds when produced (dysprosody) and the planning of the prosodic pattern before production (prosodic planning impairment). Dysprosody means abnormal rhythm and intonation, which shows up as odd pitch variation, timing, or stress patterns during speech and reflects motor programming difficulties in producing prosody. Prosodic planning impairment is about organizing where to place stress, how the rhythm should unfold, and how the intonation should slope across an utterance, due to motor planning limitations before articulation. That distinction makes the best description: dysprosody refers to abnormal rhythm and intonation, while prosodic planning impairment refers to difficulty organizing stress and prosody because of motor planning problems. The other options mix prosody with lexical retrieval or articulation, or make overly absolent claims about presence or absence of these features, which doesn’t fit the nuanced way AOS affects prosody.